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Posts with tag vanishing America

Top 25 things vanishing from America: #1 -- The family farm

Filed under: Home

This series explores aspects of America that may soon be just a memory -- some to be missed, some gladly left behind. From the least impactful to the most, here are 25 bits of vanishing America.

My mother grew up on her family's dairy farm in central Oregon, and when she was a child she was in 4-H -- just like all the kids in her town. I've always admired her way with the "home arts" (she makes a mean jar of cucumber relish, and her embroidery festoons quilts for all my boys) so when I saw her 4-H ribbons I assumed that big purple one must have been for brownies, or jam. "Oh, that was for the pig I raised," she said matter-of-factly.

In 1950, it wasn't at all unusual for a bookish little girl like my mother to get a purple ribbon in pig husbandry; after all, our educational system is still organized around the principle that children need to get out to help tend the crops and raise the baby animals in the summers. But, since the 1930s, the number of family farms has been declining rapidly. According to the USDA, 5,382,162 farms dotted the nation in 1950, but this number had declined to 2,121,107 by the 2003 farm census (data from the 2007 census hasn't yet been published). Ninety-one percent of the U.S. farms are small family farms, but the percentage of crop value produced by these farms is only 27%. Large-scale family farms (those with over $250,000 in annual sales) represented most of the farm value produced, but it's worth noting that commercial farms make up just 1.7% of the total but 14% of the value.

The plight of the family farm has been much mourned, with many best-selling authors quoting the Farm Aid statistic that 330 farmers leave their land every week. But all is not lost; the decline in family farms has slowed since the 1970s, and due to the aforementioned bestselling authors and changing priorities of many consumers, the small family farm may very well change the tide.

That tide will have to change fast. Due to the great development boom of the 90s and early years of the millennium, and commercial agricultural practices (think: chemical fertilizers and pesticides, poor crop rotations and intensive irrigation), much land is being lost to farmers -- 3,000 acres are lost to development each day according to EPA data. A bank can foreclose on a whole subdivision, but it can't turn the land back into carrots, potatoes and lettuces.

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Top 25 things vanishing from America: #4 -- Honey Bees

Filed under: Food

This series explores aspects of America that may soon be just a memory -- some to be missed, some gladly left behind. From the least impactful to the most, here are 25 bits of vanishing America.

Perhaps nothing on our list of disappearing America is so dire; plummeting so enormously; and so necessary to the survival of our food supply as the honey bee. 'Colony Collapse Disorder,' or CCD, has swept beekeepers throughout the U.S. and Europe over the past few years, wiping out 50% to 90% of the colonies of many beekeepers -- and along with it, their livelihood.

Commercial honey bees have a hard life in today's agriculture. They start with almonds in the early spring and spread throughout nut and fruit crops, ending with pears and apples in Oregon in the early fall. They travel from crop to crop with their overworked keepers, a group of modern cowboys essential to the very survival of the human race. Without bees to pollinate the crops, we and much of the ecosystem would be required to survive on a fraction of the produce we now enjoy.

While the exact quantity of bees lost in the past year is not known for sure, an extensive survey conducted by the Apiary Inspectors of America in February 2008 estimated that a third of colonies were lost, on average, compared to the year previous. Thirty-three percent losses in the past 16 months? Those are huge and devastating numbers, indeed. Due to the publicity of the losses, more extensive studies are underway; in Europe and in North Dakota, mis-application of pesticides has been blamed for a subset of honeybee deaths, and The Great Sunflower Project is gathering bee observation data from thousands of Americans.

Corporate America is hopping on board, too, with Haagen-Dazs' "Help the Honey Bees" project and Burt's Bees community initiative.

Read the entire series