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Game the system: How to get your money back if an airfare drops after you buy your ticket

Filed under: Budgets, Extracurriculars, Technology, Transportation, Travel


So you buy an airfare at a ridiculous price -- or even a good one. And a week later, the airline decides it hasn't sold enough seats. Rather than fly an empty plane, which would cost it money, it slashes the prices on seats. Come the day of the flight, you turn to the person sitting next to you and learn, to your disgust, that they paid $200 less than you did.

What can you do? Well, by the time you're on the flight, often nothing. But if you discover you've paid more than you had to before you have used the ticket, you can usually petition the airline for the price difference. Usually, that refund comes in the form of a voucher that you use for future travel, but that's still money you don't have to spend later on.

But, surprise! Some airlines have a nasty trick up their sleeve. Many charge obscene change fees since, the way they see it, they have to pull your old ticket and issue a new one to give you the better price. That means that for domestic flights on U.S. Airways, Continental, and American, the price has to drop by more than $150 in order to give you an ultimate benefit. But plenty of other airlines don't charge any fee at all (JetBlue, Alaska, United), or their fee is small enough to give you pretty good chances (Northwest's is $50, AirTran's $75). The fees are usually steeper for international flights, but then again, the price drops stand to be higher for those, too.

After you book a flight, you could keep returning to the airlines' websites to double-check the rate status of your booked flights. That will work. But one of the lesser-known airline booking sites, Yapta, keeps tracking the price of the stuff you've bought, and if it descends past the point where you can actually make some money back, it alerts you by e-mail. (The site, like Hotwire's Trip Watcher and Farecast, will also keep an eye on rates for flights you haven't bought.) Every bit helps, right? Maybe the amount you save will pay for a pack of peanuts. Barely.

Think twice before using that ATM: Bank fees are at a record high!

Filed under: Banks, Budgets, Cards, Ripoffs and Scams, Shopping, Technology, Relationships, Recession

It's a bad time to be a bank. With jobs failing, homeowners struggling, and inflation putting even basic necessities out of the reach of many consumers, some banks are scrambling just to stay afloat. The government is helping, but even with Treasury Secretary Paulson's massive influx of money, America's financial institutions are having to find ways to ensure a steady income when the economy is rising and falling like a rowboat in the North Atlantic.

One major revenue stream that they've been tapping is fees. According to USA Today, most bank fees hit all-time highs in 2008; for example, consumers using an out-of-network ATM can now expect to pay an average surcharge of $3.43, 13% more than a year ago. By comparison, bounced check fees hit $28.95, 2.5% more than last year, and minimum balance requirements for free or online checking have also gone up considerably.

Luckily, there are a few things that you can do to reduce the subsidy that you, personally, pay to the bank:


No more free rides: Car lenders tightening up

Filed under: Borrowing, Transportation

It's not just home loans that are hard to come by these days. Lenders are getting tighter with car loans as well, and new buyers should be prepared to make higher down payments.

The average down payment in September was $3,108, which is the highest figure since car-buying research site Edmunds.com started tracking these stats in 2002. This isn't just a gradual shift, though -- the average loan in August accounted for 88% of the car's value, down sharply from 95% in July.

If you want a new car, you're going to have to be able to prove you can afford it. That doesn't just mean coming up with more cash up front. You're going to find it difficult to secure a loan without a good credit score -- 700 or higher is what lenders are looking for these days. It will help you out in price negotiations if you already have a loan approval before you start shopping. Knowing your limitations up front is a good way to keep from getting in over your head.

Don't expect to finance too many extras, either. If you can't pay for them up front, lenders are unlikely to extend credit for any accessories and options beyond the basic purchase price. Lenders are also less likely now to finance remaining debt on a trade-in vehicle.

Banks are tightening up because they have to; too many defaults have cost them dearly for their loose lending habits of the recent past. These new restrictions may be a drag for buyers, but it's good for them, too. It will help keep people from getting into debt they can't get out of, and might even encourage people to take better care of their automobiles so that they can actually get $20,000+ worth of value out of the investment. It's about time consumers got more thoughtful about their five-figure transactions.

15 ways to ruin your financial future: Ignore credit disputes

Filed under: Debt

You hear advice all the time about your credit score -- that you should check it often, what you can to boost it and how to resolve disputes. The advice is very practical and logical and easy to follow in theory. In practice, however, most people just ignore all of it.

I was one of these people until I had to face the consequences of my inaction, and that apathy remains one of my biggest financial mistakes.

I've actually done a lot of the other bad things people say not to do (I cashed out some IRA funds to buy a first home, I married a man who had credit card debt, I have not saved enough for retirement, I went to an expensive school, and so on), but so far, not resolving a credit dispute is the only one that has come back to bite me in the you-know-what.

Don't miss the rest of our series on 15 Ways to Ruin Your Financial Future!


I think my story is pretty typical of what happens along the way for most people. I moved a long while back and charged the move to my credit card, then forgot all about it. Two years after the move, I got a letter from a collection agency saying that the moving company had never actually received the payment and wanted its money -- about $1,200.

Experts agree: Foreclosure sales are not for inexperienced homebuyers

Filed under: Real Estate, Simplification

foreclosure signIf you've been reading WalletPop for any amount of time, you'll have picked up on my desire to purchase a house. To the luck of many, our local real estate market hasn't had quite the downward correction that many markets have experienced, leaving many homes outside our price range. This has led my wife and I to consider picking up a foreclosed home, of which there is no shortage despite the otherwise healthy market. As I looked closer at buying foreclosures it became evident that it isn't all it's cracked up to be, especially for first time home buyers.

Tom Barlow a fellow WalletPop blogger recently called out Flipping foreclosures as overrated and backed up his claim with some daunting information about foreclosures. Well it appears Tom was ahead of the curve, and now Eric Tyson, the real estate expert behind "Home Buying for Dummies" met up with CNN to deliver more advice on just what it means to buy a foreclosure. Perhaps the most important information I got was to be prepared to walk away from a house if the bidding heats up. Unfortunately the buyer's remorse for an overpriced foreclosure is greater than what you felt after dropping 2 grand on a vacuum sealed hotdog from the 2006 Super Bowl!

Welcome to the Bad Credit Hotel: You can check in, but you might never leave...

Filed under: Borrowing, Cards, Simplification, Career

spooky hotelDebt is a major factor in the lives of most people my age. While I am on the upper end of a group known as millennials, many of us share a common bond; debt.

No matter if the debt was chalked up for higher education or for high heels; its effect on our futures cannot be denied. Since most of our parents didn't start their adult lives with this much unsecured debt, we're forging new, untraveled trails, with no idea where we may be headed. That's why a new ad campaign by the Ad Council seems all the more relevant.

This new set of Public Service Announcements, as well as a slightly corny but enormously informative game, underline an important goal for the organization; teaching millennials about credit and its effect on their lives.

Three more types of identity theft you should know about

Filed under: Identity Theft

When we think of ID theft, what usually comes to mind is some computer hacker gaining access to your credit card or bank account information online and then spending all your money. That's certainly something to look out for, but there are several other ways that creative crooks are stealing identities, and the more you know, the better you can protect yourself.

  1. Medical Identity Theft: This is when someone, usually a medical insider, uses your information for the purpose of acquiring medical goods and services, like drugs or treatment, covered by your insurance. A social security number isn't necessary in this type of fraud -- you should protect your insurance number like you protect your social security information. You can also protect yourself by requesting a copy of your medical file each time you visit the doctor. Though it won't prevent the ID theft, it will make the recovery process easier for you if you have these records.

  2. Synthetic Identity Theft: Synthetic ID theft is when a fraudster creates a false identity using a real or realistic social security number. Businesses more than individuals tend to be the victims of this type of crime, but if someone is using your SSN to open accounts and rack up debt, that could potentially get into your credit history; though in most cases, the criminal is using your number but not your address or even name, so it should not affect your files. You may never realize if part of your identity is stolen this way, as the "person" whose credit is being ruined by this fraud doesn't actually exist. However, businesses can protect themselves from fraudulent customers by better authenticating someone's identity before extending credit.

  3. Criminal Identity Theft: When someone is busted for breaking the law and they provide false identity information, this is known as criminal identity theft. If they use your identity, you may find yourself arrested, fined, or denied employment because of something fishy in a background check. Following the same steps you would to protect your financial identity is helpful in preventing criminal identity theft. In addition to regularly checking your credit history, you can review your driving record for traffic violations you didn't commit.
Unfortunately, most types of identity theft are difficult to prevent, and many victims don't realize anything is wrong until a criminal has already unraveled much of their lives. Closely guarding your identity information and regularly checking your personal records for signs of unusual activity will help protect you from the nightmarish effects of identity theft. Though you may never be able to prevent it entirely, remaining vigilant will help you detect ID theft early, before it ruins your life.

Ask the Dolans: How can I clean up my credit report?

Filed under: Banks, Cards, Debt, Saving, The Dolans

Ken and Daria Dolan, America's First Family of Personal Finance, answer your money questions every Friday.

Click here to ask Ken and Daria your question.

We have always recommended that you check your credit report annually and be on the lookout for bad marks that could drag your credit score down. If you do find negative reports, don't freak out and don't get scammed by those credit companies offering a quick fix either.

Here's the right way to remove any blemishes from your report and keep it that way for years to come.

Dear Ken and Daria,

I have several negative marks on my credit report, but I am working hard to raise my score. What can I do to remove those bad marks?

-Matthew

Did you check your annual credit report and not like what you found? Ken and Daria show you how simple steps can effectively raise your credit score on Dolans.com.

Credit fear: Why are we at their mercy?

Filed under: Borrowing, Debt, Saving, Simplification

I was late paying an unexpectedly large bill for my son's birth; I'd wrangled a bit with the insurance company over one of the charges, and before you know it, I was getting calls. I finally connected with someone over it and the kindly-but-scripted collections woman started in with the fearmongering.

"If you don't send a payment today we're going to have to report you to the credit agency!" she said with urgency. "We haven't reported yet, but we will." She wanted one payment that minute, another at the end of the month, only six days away. Talk about your high pressure.

I was calm, because honestly? I don't care. Let me rephrase: I certainly want to pay all my bills, and I do plan to schedule those payments when I can afford them. But I don't care if my credit suffers.

Lenders working overtime to evaluate credit risks

Filed under: Cards, Debt

Fair Isaac didn't start working on the idea of a quantitative credit scoring system until 1958, and didn't introduce its credit bureau scores until 1981.

That's right: banks used to lend people money without FICO scores. Instead they relied on stuff like employment history and, gasp, character. To get a loan, you used to have to meet with an officer or even a committee face to face, and they'd assess your reliability

As the foreclosure crisis has shown, relying solely on the quantitative can lead to disaster. The old-fashioned bankers might have been on to something. The Wall Street Journal reports (subscription required) that credit card issuers are now expanding their underwriting standards to include a focus on the applicant's line of work and where they live. If you work in construction in Nevada right now, you might have a tough time getting a loan.

This newfound prudence can be tough for some business owners who are seeing their lines of credit slashed for no reason other than that they're in a certain industry -- even if they happen to be faring quite well. But for most individual borrowers, I would say that a slash in your credit availability should be a warning sign that you're skating too close to the financial edge. The bank's metrics that tag you ask risky may be dead on, whether you realize it or not.

More about credit scoring:

Credit scoring myths

Help your credit score by adding your statement

Little-known things that hurt your credit score

Filed under: Debt, The Dolans

credit score reportWe don't mean to get too personal, but what's your score? We're talking about your credit score, of course. A few years back, no one knew their credit score. Today, people brag (or complain) about it at cocktail parties and compare scores over the water cooler at work!

That's because knowing your credit score can have a huge impact on your wallet. Being a 640 versus a 690 means paying 12.2 percent versus 9.5 percent on your next loan, and that adds up to thousands of dollars in extra interest!

So, you already know that the higher your score the better. And you probably know the basics for keeping your score high-pay your bills on time, don't carry too much credit card debt, etc.. But you might be surprised at some little known factors that can do some serious damage to your score.

In a world where one delinquent payment-just one-can drop your score 100 points, let's look at eight credit score "no-no's" that pack a real wallop:

Three tips for buying a home on shaky credit

Filed under: Borrowing, Debt, Home, Real Estate

It's a buyer's market, they say. You can get a house for a really low amount of money, they say. In fact, they say, it's a wonderful time to purchase a home.

(Who are they? I'm not sure, actually. But I know that they say this sort of thing a lot, and besides, it's a useful device we writers employ when we don't quite know how to begin writing.)

Anyway, I've been wondering -- with banks tightening their policies for lending and being reluctant to give anyone a loan, is it really a buyer's market if people aren't given home loans so they can buy?

Ernestine Crews is the founder and president of eCrews Enterprises, which is what she calls a wealth building academy and opened last month. And Crews, who hosts "The Road to Wealth and the Guide to Financial Freedom" on KLSX-FM in Los Angeles, says, "The easy lending with low FICO scores -- the party is over. If you don't have prestige 700-plus credit, you're going to have a difficult time."

Well, sure, tell me something I don't know.

But then she did.

Should you take out a student loan to pay off credit card debt?

Filed under: College, Cards, Debt, Kids and Money

An undergraduate friend recently shared his financial woes with me. He's about $8 thousand in credit card debt and has fallen behind on his payments. His parents have suggested that he take out a student loan and use it to pay off the debt over a longer period of time at a lower interest rate.

In theory, this makes sense. Paying a lower interest rate is always nice, and replacing delinquent revolving debt with a loan will help out his FICO score. To make this an even more lopsided decision, interest on student loans is often tax deductible.

Even so, I don't think consolidating the debt with a student loan is the right move, even if it's a good idea on paper.

The problem is that people who consolidate delinquent credit card debt and find themselves once again able to rack up big balances tend to do just that. Instead of being $8 thousand in debt, they up $16 thousand in debt. $8 thousand seems like a lot of money but if he spends the summer working 60 hours per week at $9 per hour, he'll earn $540 per week. If he scrimps and saves, he'll be able to make a big dent in the credit card debt. Of course he could consolidate it and do the same thing, but I somehow doubt that that would end up happening.

Taking out a student loans seems like a cop out to me, and a way to avoid dealing with the actual problem: owing a lot of money. Eventually my friend, who I hope is not reading this, will have to grow up and take responsibility for his financial life. A student loan in the situation is essentially a shovel to dig a deeper hole, unless there's a real change in behavior accompanying it. But if he was really committed to turning the situation around, he could work a ton of hours and spend less money.

As for the tax benefits, a student loan in this context does not appear to be tax deductible, as the IRS states that the loan can only be deducted if used for the "total costs of attending an eligible educational institution," which include "tuition and fees, room and board, books, supplies, and equipment, and other necessary expenses (such as transportation)."

I don't see anything in there about paying off credit card racked up buying clothing, cigarettes, and pizza. Of course you could probably deduct it and nothing would happen, but it's not kosher.

Unless he's ready to make serious changes in his life, taking out a student loan is a terrible idea. He should be looking to fix the problem, not thinking up creative ways to prolong it.

Vacation loans? Are you stupid?

Filed under: Banks, Borrowing, Travel

I was my local bank -- TD BankNorth -- the other day, depositing a check and looking at mortgage information. I read the brochure and saw that this "financial services institution" was offering "vacation loans."

I know that most banks offer vacation loans and loans for installing pools or getting breast implants, but I'm still amazed that they advertise a product that is so dangerous to the financial health of their customers. I was talking to the loan officer while I waited for the computer to process my mortgage application, and I asked her about the vacation loans. She said that she felt that they were a valuable service to consumers because they were preferable to putting recreational travel expenses on a credit card.

I guess that's true. But it's also kind of like hearing a coke dealer defend his trade by saying that crack is bad for your teeth.

A good FICO score without a credit card

Filed under: Cards, Debt

Today, credit rating bureau Experian rolled out the "Emerging Credit Score, a new credit scoring tool to assist lenders in evaluating the creditworthiness of unbanked and underbanked consumers."

The Emerging Credit Scores, and similar programs from the other bureaus, rely on telephone and utility bills, and catalog/internet purchase histories to arrive at a credit score.

The Wall Street Journal reports (subscription required) that "the new scores could be good news for those who pay their bills promptly but don't have established credit histories. In the past, banks often ignored this group because they had no way of evaluating the risk."

This is great news. For too long, it's been difficult to establish a good credit score without using credit cards. That's no problem if you use your card responsibly but, according to CardTrak, 60% of people don't pay off their credit cards every month. In addition, a Dunn and Bradstreet study found that credit card users spend 12% to 18% more when using a card instead of cash. This is wonderful for retailers but bad for you.

We should reconsider the notion of getting a credit card to build credit. Innovations like the Emerging Credit Score are making it easier to qualify for a mortgage without getting involved with credit cards, and that's a great option for a lot of people.